
according to the
2004 survey of consumer finances, the wealthiest americans do not appear to be flaunting their wealth with expensive vehicles. the median market value of vehicles held by households in the top 10 percent of the u.s. wealth distribution was about $30,600 and the median value for the bottom 25 percent was about $5,600. there is a bit of selectivity into car ownership of course, with about 93 percent of the wealthiest decile owning one or more vehicles relative to about 65 percent of the least wealthy group. still, the difference in median values seems small to me, given the enormous discrepancies in
total assets (about $1.6 million for the top 10 percent, relative to about $7,700 for the bottom 25 percent).
having just perused the special
luxury vehicles section of my thanksgiving-day
strib, i figured that the typical top-decile garage must contain, say, a two-year-old black bimmer for him and a new lexus for her (perhaps with a bow on top). but such vehicles would cost at least double the $30,600 in total household vehicle holdings.
to get a look and feel for the cars available at each level of wealth, i searched carsoup.com at $100 plus or minus the medians and stuck the corresponding pictures on the chart above. to standardize a bit, i began with 2006 models (working back to 2005 when no cars were available at the price) and only assumed one car per family. these are the first passenger cars to come up within 25 miles of my zip code:
_0% to 24.9% $____7,700 assets: $_5,600 2005 nissan altima
25% to 49.9% $___84,500 assets: $11,900 2006 chevy cobalt
50% to 74.9% $__257,300 assets: $17,400 2006 kia amante
75% to 89.9% $__600,200 assets: $22,600 2006 nissan altima
90% to 100 % $1,572,600 assets: $30,600 2006 cadillac sts
the caddy is nice, i suppose, but it ain't no bentley. and i'd have to squint pretty hard to find any sort of hierarchy among the vehicles in the other wealth classes. plus, many middle-class and wealthier families have two or more vehicles.
does the relative equality in vehicle values constitute evidence against veblen's theory of the leisure class? given the centrality of cars in american culture, i would expect vehicle purchases to signify conspicuous consumption, with RVs, i suppose, to indicate conspicuous leisure.
here are three candidate explanations for the pattern:
1. a threshold problem. perhaps the top 10 percent isn't all that meaningful and the big jump might come for the top 1 percent or 1/10 of 1 percent.
2. a measurement flaw. hmm. no obvious problems that i can spot.*
3. the life course. ah! i bet that's it. age is closely related to wealth accumulation, so it might be the case that cars are a poor (ahem) vehicle for signalling status among older americans. moreover, households with retirees likely own fewer cars and replace their cars less frequently than households with workers in the full-time labor force. to the extent that the NADA blue book value is low for ten-year-old lincoln town cars and mercedes e-classes, it might bring down the median value of vehicle holdings for the top wealth group. finally, there's likely a cultural explanation as well, as car culture is perhaps more salient to youth and young adults than for folks my age or older.
so, i'll opt for an age-graded life-course theory of vehicle consumption until i see some evidence to the contrary. if i ever find myself selling luxury cars, however, i've got a good target demographic in mind.
*survey respondents were asked to provide the year, make, and model of each of their cars, vans, sport-utility vehicles, and trucks. this information was then used to obtain market prices from data collected by the national automobile dealers association and other sources.
Labels: cars, social class